nmap
BT5(BackTrack--Information Gathering--Network Analysis--Network Scanners-nmap)
-sP 渗透内网之后判断当前网络那些主机在线
nmap -sP 192.168.1/255
-vv 现实详细的扫描过程
-sS 使用SYN半开式扫描,这种扫描方式使得扫描结果更加正确(又称半开放,或
隐身扫描)
nmap -vv -sS IP
-O 大写O代表OS 判断主机操作系统
nmap -O IP
延时策略
-T(0-5) 默认为3
0 即Paranoid模式。为了避开IDS的检测使扫描速度极慢,nmap串所有的扫描,
每隔至少5分钟发送一个包
1 即Sneaky模式。也差不多,只是数据包的发送间隔是15秒
2 即Polite模式。不增加太大的网络负载,串行每个探测,并使每个探测间隔
0.4秒
3 即Normal模式。nmap的默认选项,在不使网络过载或者主机/端口丢失的情况
下尽可能快速地扫描
4 即Aggressive模式。设置5分钟的超时限制,对每台主机的扫描时间不超过5分
钟,并且对每次探测回应的等待时间不超过1.5秒。
5 即lnsane模式。只适合快速的网络或者不在意丢失默些信息,每台主机的超时
限制为75秒,对每次探测只等待0.3秒。
nmap -sS -T1 IP
-sV 探测端口的服务类型/具体版本等信息
nmap -vv -sV IP
-p 端口号 对某个端口的服务版本进行详细探测 有助于升入的针对性攻击,
比如缓冲溢出攻击
nmap -vv -sV IP -p 21
适用于内外网的探测,以内网操作为示例(外网参数同)
简单端口扫描: nmap -vv -sT(sS、sF、sU、sA) 192.168.0.1 -D 127.0.0.1
(-D伪造的地址)
OS检测: nmap -vv -sS -O 192.168.0.1
RPC鉴别: nmap -sS -sR 192.168.0.1 Linux上的portmap就是一个简单的RPC服
务,监听端口为111(默认)
Ping扫射:nmap -sP 172.16.15.0/24
十条常用nmap命令行格式
1)获取远程主机的系统类型及开放端口
Get info about remote host ports and OS detection
nmap -sS -P0 -sV -O
这里的 < target > 可以是单一 IP, 或主机名,或域名,或子网
-sS TCP SYN 扫描 (又称半开放,或隐身扫描)
-P0 允许你关闭 ICMP pings.
-sV 打开系统版本检测
-O 尝试识别远程操作系统
-sS TCP SYN scanning (also known as half-open, or stealth scanning)
-P0 option allows you to switch off ICMP pings.
-sV option enables version detection
-O flag attempt to identify the remote operating system
Other option:
-A 同时启用操作系统指纹识别和版本检测
-A option enables both OS fingerprinting and version detection
-v use -v twice for more verbosity.
nmap -sS -P0 -A -v < target >
2)列出开放了指定端口的主机列表
Get list of servers with a specific port open
nmap -sT -p 80 -oG – 192.168.1.* | grep open
Change the -p argument for the port number. See “man nmap” for
different ways to specify address ranges.
3)在网络寻找所有在线主机
Find all active IP addresses in a network
nmap -sP 192.168.0.*
或者也可用以下命令:
nmap -sP 192.168.0.0/24
指定 subnet
4)Ping 指定范围内的 IP 地址
Ping a range of IP addresses
nmap -sP 192.168.1.100-254
nmap accepts a wide variety of addressing notation, multiple
targets/ranges, etc.
5)在某段子网上查找未占用的 IP
Find unused IPs on a given subnet
nmap -T4 -sP 192.168.2.0/24 && egrep "00:00:00:00:00:00" /proc/net/arp
6)在局域网上扫找 Conficker 蠕虫病毒
Scan for the Conficker virus on your LAN ect.
nmap -PN -T4 -p139,445 -n -v –script=smb-check-vulns –script-args
safe=1 192.168.0.1-254
replace 192.168.0.1-256 with the IP’s you want to check.
7)扫描网络上的恶意接入点 rogue APs.
Scan Network for Rogue APs.
nmap -A -p1-85,113,443,8080-8100 -T4 –min-hostgroup 50 –max-rtt-
timeout 2000 –initial-rtt-timeout 300 –max-retries 3 –host-timeout
20m –max-scan-delay 1000 -oA wapscan 10.0.0.0/8
I’ve used this scan to successfully find many rogue APs on a very,
very large network.
8)使用诱饵扫描方法来扫描主机端口
Use a decoy while scanning ports to avoid getting caught by the sys
admin
sudo nmap -sS 192.168.0.10 -D 192.168.0.2
Scan for open ports on the target device/computer (192.168.0.10) while
setting up a decoy address (192.168.0.2). This will show the decoy ip
address instead of your ip in targets security logs. Decoy address
needs to be alive. Check the targets security log at /var/log/secure
to make sure it worked.
9)为一个子网列出反向 DNS 记录
List of reverse DNS records for a subnet
nmap -R -sL 209.85.229.99/27 | awk '{if($3=="not")print"("$2") no
PTR";else print$3" is "$2}' | grep '('
10)显示网络上共有多少台 Linux 及 Win 设备?
How Many Linux And Windows Devices Are On Your Network?
sudo nmap -F -O 192.168.1.1-255 | grep "Running: " > /tmp/os; echo
"$(cat /tmp/os | grep Linux | wc -l) Linux device(s)"; echo "$(cat
/tmp/os | grep Windows | wc -l) Window(s) devices"